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Dental abscess: Causes and treatment

Dealing with dental abscess can be painful. When left untreated, dental abscesses threaten overall health.

  • Immediate relief and care for symptoms
  • Professional dental treatments
  • Follow up care and recovery
  • Avoid a root canal or abscess
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What is a dental abscess?

Dental abscesses are serious bacterial infections that occur at the root of a tooth or in the gums. These infections lead to the accumulation of pus and can cause severe pain and discomfort. There are three main types:

Tooth abscess (periapical)

These occur at the tip of the tooth’s root and usually result from an infection in the tooth pulp.

Periodontal abscess

These abscesses form in the gums at the side of a tooth root due to inflammation or infection in the gums.

Gingival abscess

A gingival abscess is a localized collection of pus within the gum tissue, caused by a bacterial infection from a foreign body, gum disease, or injury to the gum.

Tooth abscess and gum abscess symptoms

Tooth abscess and gum abscess symptoms

There are quite a few symptoms that may persist from this infection, and many can be painful:

  • Persistent, throbbing toothache and discomfort, hard to ignore.
  • Noticeable swelling in the face or gums, often visible.
  • Increased sensitivity to hot or cold foods and drinks, along with pressure.
  • Unpleasant taste in the mouth or consistent bad breath, and
  • Possible visual signs of infection, like pus or a small pimple on the gums.

Stages of a tooth abscess

Tooth decay

Tooth decay

Early signs of tooth decay can sneak up on you, manifesting as sensitivity to hot or cold foods, mild discomfort when biting, and those pesky little pits or discolorations on the tooth’s surface.

Pulp infection

Pulp infection

When decay advances and reaches the tooth pulp, it can cause intense pain and infection. This stage affects the nerves and blood vessels inside the tooth, making it extremely painful and often leading to swelling.

Abscess formation

Abscess formation

An untreated pulp infection can escalate into an abscess. This stage may bring a visible abscess, and sometimes throbbing, discomfort, or fever, signaling that the infection is getting serious.

Causes of dental abscesses

Tooth decay & gum disease

Tooth decay & gum disease

Advanced tooth decay and gum disease can lead to bacterial infections that invade the tooth pulp.

Previous dental procedures

Previous dental procedures

Trauma to the pulp of the tooth from deep restorations, or increased bacteria leakage points around the edges can lead to dental abscesses.

Exposure factors

Exposure factors

Frequent snacking, a sugary diet, and dry mouth can speed up decay and gum disease, raising the risk of abscesses.

Treatment options for dental abscesses

Immediate relief and care for symptoms

For immediate relief and pain management from dental issues, consider using over-the-counter pain relievers and a salt-water rinse. Additionally, avoid hot foods and opt for soft, cooler foods that are less likely to aggravate your pain.

Professional dental treatments

The fastest and most effective way to treat a dental abscess is through professional dental care. Effective treatment options include professional drainage of the abscess, root canal treatments, an apicoectomy (surgery to remove the infected root tip if the infection persists), or tooth extractions to prevent further damage, and antibiotics to clear up the infection.

Follow up care and recovery

Routine dental check-ups will monitor your recovery and ensure your infection stays away. Your dentist will recommend oral hygiene practices and products that will help your healing process and to prevent infections in the future.

Preventing dental abscess

To prevent dental abscesses, it’s important to keep a diligent oral hygiene routine and have your Austin Emergency Dental dentist promptly evaluate any broken or chipped teeth or infection and cavities, as soon as they are detected. These can become entry points for bacteria to infect the tooth root or gums, leading to abscesses. Regular check-ups ensure potential issues are addressed before they escalate.

When to seek immediate medical attention?

It’s important to know the warning signs and symptoms of a spreading infection. Signs of serious complications may include swelling that can cause eye pressure or closure, trouble swallowing and breathing, as well as the following shown in this graphic:
 
If you have a dental abscess and begin to experience these symptoms, it is best to seek immediate care, as you could be experiencing sepsis or a heightened infection.

  • High fever
  • Chills
  • Rapid heartbeat
  • Confusion
  • Extreme pain
  • Discomfort
  • Pale skin
  • Shortness of breath
  • Lethargy

Dental abscess FAQs

Can dental abscess go away on its own?

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How do dentists get rid of dental abscess?

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Is an abscess a dental emergency?

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What is the difference between a tooth abscess and a tooth infection?

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Are dental abscesses contagious?

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Serving Cities in Greater Austin

Our emergency dental services, including emergency tooth extractions, are available to residents in and around Austin, TX, ensuring quality care when you need it most.

  • Austin
  • Jonestown
  • South Austin
  • Kyle
  • North Austin
  • Lakeway
  • East Austin
  • Leander
  • Bastrop
  • Liberty Hill
  • Bee Cave
  • Lockhart
  • Brushy Creek
  • Pflugerville
  • Buda
  • Round Rock
  • Cedar Park
  • San Marcos
  • Del Valle
  • Shady Hollow
  • Dripping Springs
  • Spicewood
  • Elgin
  • Wells Branch
  • Georgetown
  • West Lake Hills
  • Hornsby Bend
  • Wimberley
  • Hutto
  • Woodcreek